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| Thailand - Winter 2012 |
Wednesday, February 1, 2012
Saturday, September 24, 2011
Up close and personal
...with lions, cheetahs, elephants and migrating wildebeest
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| Kenya and Tanzania - WILDLIFE - Summer 2011 |
Friday, September 23, 2011
Monday, September 19, 2011
What is this animal?
I've been writing captions for all of our wildlife pictures, and this is just about the last unidentified animal. Does anyone know what this is?
If not, I can only conclude that we've discovered a new species.
If not, I can only conclude that we've discovered a new species.
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| From Kenya and Tanzania - WILDLIFE - Summer 2011 |
Monday, August 1, 2011
Pictures coming soon!
We're back in the States and pictures will be forthcoming.
For now, I'll leave you with this highlight.
For now, I'll leave you with this highlight.
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| Under A Blood Red Sky in Maasai Mara, Kenya |
Thursday, July 7, 2011
M-PESA
M-PESA is one of Kenya's great success stories in the microfinance world, and one reason I've been really excited about getting the chance to travel here. It is a service that allows people to send and receive money to others via text (SMS) messages with their mobile phones ('pesa' is the Swahili word for 'money'). At least as important, it also allows people to save money in their M-PESA accounts, turning the ubiquitous M-PESA agents--corner stores, mobile phone outlets, etc.--into bank branches. In a world where there are five billion mobile phone accounts and about three billion people lacking access to basic financial services (like saving and borrowing), the simplicity of this innovation is beautiful.
*Recently, I came across the more relevant intersection statistic: the number of unbanked with access to mobile phones. I forget the exact number, but it was still substantial, if much less punchy.
** UPDATE: Here is one estimate, courtesy of BCG: perhaps 2 billion unbanked adults with access to mobile phones.
*** And another estimate, courtesy of Economy Times, together with the GSMA and CGAP: "about one billion people in emerging markets have a mobile phone but no access to banking services; by 2012 this population will reach 1.7 billion"
http://economytimesgh.com/insuranceIND_2.php?recordID=107
Alex, our driver while in Nairobi who lives in the Kibera slum, explained M-PESA to me better than any of the articles I've read. He was generous enough to walk me through his recent transactions.
Essentially, once he signs up with his national ID card, he gets a PIN, account number and password. With his account number, anyone else with a mobile money account can send him cash. (Safaricom's M-PESA is the most common, but Airtel, Yu and Orange all have their own mobile money platforms.) The sender deposits Ksh 555 into their M-PESA account by visiting an agent location and handing over cash to the agent. M-PESA deducts Ksh 25 as a fee, leaving the sender with Ksh 530 in their account. Then they simply send a text to M-PESA saying "Give Ksh 530 to Account X."
The transaction happens as quickly as it takes to send a text message (and thankfully, they don't have AT&T here).
When Alex wants to withdraw his money, M-PESA deducts Ksh 30, leaving him with Ksh 500. For me, one sign of how imbedded this system is is that senders and receivers memorize the transaction fees and readily factor them in when transferring money.
While the upper and upper-middle classes still favor credit cards, mobile money has clearly taken off here. While Alex had a savings account before M-PESA, Fauz (our guide in Mombasa's Old City) said he uses M-PESA to save the tips he earns from tourists like us. Today, in fact, M-PESA came to our rescue when Moses needed Ksh 20,000 to replace the van's gearbox.
Along our drive, there were about as many M-PESA agents and places to top up mobile minutes as there were places to buy a Coke--which is to say, quite a few. The most common sign post on the main road is the one advertising the direction of the m-PESA agent. Most of the villages we passed had multiple M-PESA outlets, while a slightly larger town had more than a dozen M-PESA outlets (and multiple microfinance and traditional bank branches). In Nairobi or Mombasa, you could hardly go a few blocks in any commercial area without seeing M-PESA and other mobile money agents.
In Kenya, mobile money took off without the blessing or assistance of traditional banks. Those banks are now playing catch-up by partnering with the mobile networks. Unsurprisingly, in other countries like Nigeria, banks and their politically-connected special interest groups are resisting the entry of mobile networks into the financial services space. Afghanistan, however, has its own version of this service, called M-Paisa (named after the Afghani word for 'money'). I'm hopeful that any resistance will lack staying power, because what I saw on Alex's black & white Nokia looked like the future.
*Recently, I came across the more relevant intersection statistic: the number of unbanked with access to mobile phones. I forget the exact number, but it was still substantial, if much less punchy.
** UPDATE: Here is one estimate, courtesy of BCG: perhaps 2 billion unbanked adults with access to mobile phones.
*** And another estimate, courtesy of Economy Times, together with the GSMA and CGAP: "about one billion people in emerging markets have a mobile phone but no access to banking services; by 2012 this population will reach 1.7 billion"
http://economytimesgh.com/insuranceIND_2.php?recordID=107
Alex, our driver while in Nairobi who lives in the Kibera slum, explained M-PESA to me better than any of the articles I've read. He was generous enough to walk me through his recent transactions.
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| M-PESA on Alex's mobile phone |
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| Alex sending money through M-PESA |
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| Confirmation of money sent by Alex |
While the upper and upper-middle classes still favor credit cards, mobile money has clearly taken off here. While Alex had a savings account before M-PESA, Fauz (our guide in Mombasa's Old City) said he uses M-PESA to save the tips he earns from tourists like us. Today, in fact, M-PESA came to our rescue when Moses needed Ksh 20,000 to replace the van's gearbox.
Along our drive, there were about as many M-PESA agents and places to top up mobile minutes as there were places to buy a Coke--which is to say, quite a few. The most common sign post on the main road is the one advertising the direction of the m-PESA agent. Most of the villages we passed had multiple M-PESA outlets, while a slightly larger town had more than a dozen M-PESA outlets (and multiple microfinance and traditional bank branches). In Nairobi or Mombasa, you could hardly go a few blocks in any commercial area without seeing M-PESA and other mobile money agents.
In Kenya, mobile money took off without the blessing or assistance of traditional banks. Those banks are now playing catch-up by partnering with the mobile networks. Unsurprisingly, in other countries like Nigeria, banks and their politically-connected special interest groups are resisting the entry of mobile networks into the financial services space. Afghanistan, however, has its own version of this service, called M-Paisa (named after the Afghani word for 'money'). I'm hopeful that any resistance will lack staying power, because what I saw on Alex's black & white Nokia looked like the future.
Wednesday, July 6, 2011
Mombasa Road
Today we returned to Nairobi from Mombasa. Both our trip there and the return included late starts (the latter due to our vehicle needing repairs the night before).
With minimal stops, the journey took about 9.5 hrs. Along the way, we passed many things (including our first zebra and baboon sightings), with two being particularly noteworthy:
1. Roadside villages/towns
2. Slower moving vehicles
Traveling in Kenya (or India or Bolivia) reminds me that developing nation status often applies to a country's traffic rules as aptly as it does to it's economic status. Here, what might be considered a near accident (of the head on collision variety) in the States, is simply a well-executed overtaking of a slower moving vehicle. The fact that a hill or turn may obstruct the view of oncoming vehicles requires only a very incremental amount of faith in the traffic gods, given how close drivers cut it even on a straight road.
Much less intimidating were the many roadside villages and towns that we passed. The villages consisted of a few thatched or tin roofed huts with mud walls. Each hut was a single room, maybe 8 feet by 8 feet in size. Some of them seemed to be attached to small farm plots, others encircled an open area.
The roadside towns closer to Mombasa were less rural, though not much more developed. On the way there, we ran into a good bit of traffic. During these frequent "jams", as the traffic jams are called, the exhaust from the rickshaws and matatus (commuter minivans packed with 16 or more people) and the dust from the road made it pretty hard to breathe. As we slowed to a near halt, we got a good view of the towns' nightlife: laborers gathered together around small fires or kerosene lamps, used clothing sold from racks placed on the side of the road, and the "sidewalks" packed with people.
With minimal stops, the journey took about 9.5 hrs. Along the way, we passed many things (including our first zebra and baboon sightings), with two being particularly noteworthy:
1. Roadside villages/towns
2. Slower moving vehicles
Traveling in Kenya (or India or Bolivia) reminds me that developing nation status often applies to a country's traffic rules as aptly as it does to it's economic status. Here, what might be considered a near accident (of the head on collision variety) in the States, is simply a well-executed overtaking of a slower moving vehicle. The fact that a hill or turn may obstruct the view of oncoming vehicles requires only a very incremental amount of faith in the traffic gods, given how close drivers cut it even on a straight road.
Much less intimidating were the many roadside villages and towns that we passed. The villages consisted of a few thatched or tin roofed huts with mud walls. Each hut was a single room, maybe 8 feet by 8 feet in size. Some of them seemed to be attached to small farm plots, others encircled an open area.
The roadside towns closer to Mombasa were less rural, though not much more developed. On the way there, we ran into a good bit of traffic. During these frequent "jams", as the traffic jams are called, the exhaust from the rickshaws and matatus (commuter minivans packed with 16 or more people) and the dust from the road made it pretty hard to breathe. As we slowed to a near halt, we got a good view of the towns' nightlife: laborers gathered together around small fires or kerosene lamps, used clothing sold from racks placed on the side of the road, and the "sidewalks" packed with people.
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